Introduction

When it comes to material handling in large warehouses and distribution centers, there are few options that can compete with the efficiency of automation systems. Among automation methods, both automated material handling systems and conveyors are popular choices. But which is superior in terms of efficiency? Here, we compare the two systems to help you make the right choice for your needs.

Automated Material Handling Systems

Automated material handling systems (AMHS) utilize a variety of technologies to transport, sort, and store materials with minimal human intervention. Examples of AMHS include autonomous mobile robots, automated guided vehicles, and automated storage and retrieval systems.

One significant benefit of AMHS is flexibility. Since they are designed to be programmed and controlled by a software system, AMHS can handle different types and dimensions of materials with ease. They can also be reprogrammed quickly to adapt to changing warehouse environments.

However, the initial costs of AMHS can be higher than other alternatives, especially for smaller warehouses. Additionally, they require regular maintenance and programming to ensure they function correctly.

Conveyors

Conveyors are simple material handling systems that rely on mechanical power to transport goods along a predetermined path. They can be powered by electricity, gravity, or even human labor.

One primary advantage of conveyors is their efficiency in transporting large quantities of similar products. In particular, they are effective for transporting individual items with identical dimensions or package types, such as boxes.

However, conveyors tend to be less flexible compared to AMHS. The path that goods take is typically fixed, and they may not be able to accommodate variations in the size, shape, or type of products. They may also require human intervention to load and unload goods, reducing overall efficiency.

Which is More Efficient?

As we have seen, both AMHS and conveyors have their positive and negative aspects. As such, the effectiveness of each system will vary depending on the needs of the warehouse or distribution center.

In general, however, AMHS has a higher upfront cost but offers greater versatility and adaptability, especially in handling different types of products. In contrast, conveyors are excellent for consistently transporting similar items with minimal human intervention.

Conclusion

In summary, automated material handling systems and conveyors have different strengths and weaknesses. Neither is inherently better than the other, and the ideal solution will depend on the specific requirements of your warehouse or distribution center. However, understanding the pros and cons of both systems will help you make an informed decision that maximizes efficiency and reduces costs in the long term.

References

• Shah, S. & Gupchup, J. (2017). Evaluating the efficiency of automated materials handling in distribution centers. International Journal of Production Economics, 186, 63-74.
• Koo, I. & Cheng, T. C. (2006). A simulation approach to evaluating the performance of automated material handling systems in a job shop environment. International Journal of Production Research, 44(24), 5275-5290.